【移民】NEWS！EB-5新备忘录出炉,就业创造和投资维持

导语
重磅来袭，美国移民局更新了EB-5政策备忘录。EB-5条件绿卡维持两年投资期后就可还款。投资款不需要维持到I-829获批，只需证明已经创造足够就业就可以了！


2015年8月10日，移民局对于因排期而造成的EB-5战线拉长之后，就业创造和投资维持的审案政策，出台了一份草案：就业创造及持续投资之政策备忘录。
 
两年了，我们一直在期待，移民局的正式政策出台。就在6月14日，移民局正式公告了，该项政策发布在了审案备忘录中。
 
现在，冠桥小编给大家简单解读一下，美国移民局现在已经明确的新政策。


one——就业创造

同移民局15.8.10的草案，明确为，就业不需要维持到I-829递交时。
 
见第五章，解除条件部分：
In making the determination as to whether or not the immigrant investor has created the requisite number of jobs, USCIS does not require that the jobs still be in existence at the time of the petition to remove conditions adjudication in order to be credited to the investor. Instead, the job creation requirement is met if the investor can show that at least 10 full-time jobs for qualifying employees were created by the new commercial enterprise as a result of his or her investment and such jobs were considered to be permanent jobs when created.
 
只要证明就业创造出了就行，而不需要在递交I-829的时候，还要证明就业还在。



two——投资维持

1. 再投资要求
先来看15.8.10草案，移民局对于区域中心项目的再投资（Reployment），含混不清，唯一提到的地方是（第七页）：
 
However, if the investment was directed to a job-creating entity undertaking the project presented in the initial filing, the requisite number of jobs were created according to the plan presented with the Form I-526, and the loan made to the job- creating entity was repaid to the new commercial enterprise, the new commercial enterprise may redeploy such repaid capital in another “at risk” activity without causing the petition to be denied or revoked. In that instance, the redeployment of investment funds would not be considered a material change because the facts related to the petitioner’s eligibility, based upon which the petition was filed, did not change or deviate from the business plan. 
 
在此次17.6.14正式文本中，移民局多次明确提出再投资（further deployment）的概念，并且明确了如何处理再投资的政策。

2. 还款时间
 
先来看，15.8.10草案中的“投资维持”部分的要求，简单解释下，主要有三句话：
 
a. 在递交I-829时，你必须证明你投资了或正在投资；
b. 在递交I-829时，你必须证明在2年的有条件绿卡时期，你还在维持投资；
c. 该投资必须，“at risk（在风险状态）”；
 
再来看看，这次正式发布的，17.6.14政策文本（第五章）：
 
2. Sustainment of the Investment The immigrant investor must provide evidence that he or she sustained the investment throughout the period of his or her status as a conditional permanent resident of the United States. USCIS considers the immigrant investor to have sustained the actions required for removal of conditions if he or she has, in good faith, substantially met the capital investment requirement and continuously maintained his or her capital investment over the sustainment period. [4] When filing a petition to remove conditions, the full amount of required capital does not need to have been invested, but the immigrant investor must provide evidence that he or she has substantially met the requirement. 
 
＃4：The sustainment period is the investor’s 2 years of conditional permanent resident status. USCIS reviews the investor’s evidence to ensure sustainment of the investment for 2 years from the date the investor obtained conditional permanent residence. An investor does not need to maintain his or her investment beyond the sustainment period.
 
移民局，再次明确的是，在临时绿卡的两年期间继续在投资。但是，没有要求I-829递交之后一定要还在维持投资，或者获批之前不能收回投资。
 
在＃4的脚注中，移民局明确指出：An investor does not need to maintain his or her investment beyond the sustainment period. （在2年有条件绿卡期限之后，投资者不需要继续维持投资了。）






three——重大变更

本次更新的主要篇幅之一，就是Material Change部分。主要原因在于，一旦资金再部署，如果投资者尚未获得临时绿卡，是否算重大变更。现在，移民局明确了，没有问题。
 
最后，大家最关心的问题是，I-829递交之后的还款问题，个人想指出两点：
 
1. 移民局的政策，没有变化，不过在备注中明确了，I-829递交之后没要求继续投资。但是，移民律师是否能放心执行该政策，不等到I-829获批就还款，恐怕接下来行业内的律师，还需要继续与移民局明确。
 
2. 是否能直接还款，不单是看移民局的政策，还得看你的EB-5投资协议。就个人所见的当前所有投资协议，还款必须满足两点：
a. 投资协议期满，
b. I-829获批。


I-829获批再还款是之前所有的投资协议的操作惯例，所以，作为一个已经签约的EB-5投资者，原则上还是按照投资协议执行。一旦与移民局明确，I-829申请递交之后就能还款，那么当前已经投资或者将要投资到一个现存项目中的投资者，还需要与项目方明确，他们是否有可能变更投资协议，把还款条件改成在I-829递交之后就还款。

我司的曼哈顿广场一号项目承诺，待律师与移民局明确具体的还款实施细则之后，会做出相应的调整，无需等到I-829获批。条件绿卡维持两年投资期后即可还款。